Understand the etiopathogenesis and natural history of adult spinal deformities of any origin;
Be aware of and understand the different classification systems in adult deformities;
Be updated on adult spinal deformity in terms of new understanding of the natural history and new treatment options;
Become familiar with the different imaging modalities which are used to make treatment-oriented decisions;
Understand in particular the biomechanics of the instrumented fixation of complex adult deformity correction and stabilization;
Recognize the paramount importance of balance in the adult spine and in particular, sagittal balance;
Learn to define precisely, surgical indications based on objective evaluation and diagnostic algorithms;
Recognize the limitations of conservative treatment modalities.